新闻动态
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阀门是在流体系统中,用来控制流体的方向、压力、流量的装置。阀门是使配管和设备内的介质(液体、气体、粉末)流动或停止并能控制其流量的装置。
阀门是管路流体输送系统中控制部件,它是用来改变通路断面和介质流动方向,具有导流、截止、节流、止回、分流或溢流卸压等功能。 用于流体控制的阀门,从简单的截止阀到极为复杂的自控系统中所用的各种阀门,其品种和规格繁多, 阀门的公称通径从极微小的仪表阀大至通径达10m的工业管路用阀。阀门可用于控制水、蒸汽、油品、气体、泥浆、各种腐蚀性介质、 液态金属和放射性流体等各种类型流体的流动 ,阀门的工作压力可从0.0013MPa到1000MPa 的超高压,工作温度从-269℃的超低温到1430℃的高温。阀门的控制可采用多种传动方式, 如手动、电动、液动、气动、涡轮、电磁动、电磁液动、电液动、气液动、正齿轮、伞齿轮驱动等;可以在压力、温度或其它形式传感信号的作用下, 按预定的要求动作,放料阀或者不依赖传感信号而进行简单的开启或关闭,电磁阀阀门依靠驱动或自动机构使启闭件作升降、滑移、旋摆或回转运动, 从而改变其流道面积的大小以实现其控制功能。
阀门的材质选择跟阀门使用的介质有直接的关系,下表将详细介绍阀门在各种液体介质中的材质选用对照 。
本阀门材质选用表是用来大致指出与某种流体介质接触而发生反应时,应如何选择适当的材料。表中的推荐不是绝对的,因为碳钢,铸铁,不锈钢,青铜,蒙乃尔合金,哈氏合金,钛,钴铬合金,沉淀钢等阀门材料的耐腐蚀性与流体的浓度、温度、压力和杂质等因素有关。因此,必须强调本表只能作为一个导则参考。
符号:
A - 能够或正被成功应用
B - 应用过程应注意
C - 不能应用
LL - 缺乏资料
流体介质
|
阀门材料
|
|||||||||||||
碳钢
|
铸铁
|
302
或 304 不 锈 钢 |
316
不 锈 钢 |
青铜
|
蒙
乃 尔 合 金 |
哈
氏 合 金 B |
哈
氏 合 金 C |
不
锈 钢 ﹟ 20 |
钛
|
钴
铬 合 金 ﹟6 |
416
不 锈 钢 |
440C
不 锈 钢 |
17-4
PH 不 锈 钢 |
|
乙醛
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
LL
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
醋酸(无气的)
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
醋酸(充气的)
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
醋酸蒸气
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
LL
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
丙酮
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
乙炔
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
乙醇
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
硫酸铝
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
C
|
C
|
LL
|
氨
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
氯化铵
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
LL
|
硝酸铵
|
A
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
B
|
LL
|
磷酸铵
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
LL
|
硫酸铵
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
LL
|
亚硫酸铵
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
LL
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
LL
|
苯胺
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
LL
|
沥青
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
啤酒
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
苯
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
苯甲酸
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
硼酸
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
LL
|
丁烷
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
氯化钙(碱的)
|
B
|
B
|
C
|
B
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
C
|
C
|
LL
|
次氯酸钙
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
C
|
C
|
LL
|
石碳酸
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
LL
|
LL
|
二氧化碳(干的)
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
二氧化碳(湿的)
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
二硫化碳
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
LL
|
四氯化碳
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
C
|
A
|
LL
|
碳酸
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
LL
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
氯,气体(干的)
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
氯,气体(湿的)
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
C
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
液氯
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
铬酸
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
C
|
A
|
C
|
A
|
C
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
柠檬酸
|
LL
|
C
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
焦炉气
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
硫酸铜
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
C
|
LL
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
棉子油
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
杂酚油
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
乙烷
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
乙醚
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
氯乙烷
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
LL
|
乙烯
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
乙二醇
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
LL
|
A
|
LL
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
氯化铁
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
C
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
LL
|
甲醛
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
甲酸
|
LL
|
C
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
氟里昂(湿的)
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
LL
|
LL
|
氟里昂(干的)
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
LL
|
LL
|
糖醛
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
LL
|
汽油(精制的)
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
葡萄糖
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
盐酸(充气的)
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
盐酸(无气的)
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
氢氟酸(充气的)
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
氢氟酸(无气的)
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
LL
|
C
|
C
|
LL
|
氢
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
过氧化氢
|
LL
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
B
|
B
|
LL
|
硫化氢(液体)
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
LL
|
氢氧化镁
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
汞
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
甲醇
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
甲乙酮
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
牛奶
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
天然气
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
硝酸
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
油酸
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
LL
|
草酸
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
LL
|
氧
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
石油(精制的)
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
磷酸(充气的)
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
LL
|
磷酸(无气的)
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
LL
|
磷酸蒸气
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
LL
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
LL
|
苦味酸
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
LL
|
B
|
B
|
LL
|
氯化钾
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
C
|
C
|
LL
|
氢氧化钾
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
B
|
B
|
LL
|
丙烷
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
松香
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
硝酸银
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
LL
|
醋酸钠
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
碳酸钠
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
氯化钠
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
铬酸钠
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
氢氧化钠
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
次氯酸钠
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
B-C
|
B-C
|
C
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
LL
|
C
|
C
|
LL
|
硫代硫酸钠
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
B
|
B
|
LL
|
氯化亚锡
|
B
|
B
|
C
|
A
|
C
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
C
|
C
|
LL
|
硬脂酸
|
A
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
LL
|
硫酸盐溶液(黑的)
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
LL
|
LL
|
硫
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
二氧化硫(干的)
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
LL
|
三氧化碳(干的)
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
LL
|
硫酸(充气的)
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
硫酸(无气的)
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
亚硫酸
|
C
|
C
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
LL
|
焦油
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
三氯乙烯
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
LL
|
松节油
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
醋
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
LL
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
水(锅炉给水)
|
B
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
水(蒸馏的)
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
LL
|
海水
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
威士忌酒和葡萄酒
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
C
|
C
|
LL
|
氯化锌
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
C
|
LL
|
硫酸锌
|
C
|
C
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
LL
|